Cultural identity of the individual in the context of globalization and informatization of modernity

The article is expanded need of analysis the cultural identity of the individual in terms of transformation of socio-cultural space. The influence of new information technologies, which significantly changed the idea of human identity. We consider the socio-cultural practices that are influenced by information technology. Authors determined the social consequences of conflict transformation cultural identity. On the one hand, information modernity allows the individual to design their own individual world, on the other hand, questioned the preservation of existing social relations. The findings indicated the disappearance of defined values and cultural landmarks. The necessity of new forms of self-determination rights in the destruction of their traditional way of life.Key words: identity, transformation, information technology, information space, socio-cultural practices, cultural values. Обґрунтовано необхідність аналізу культурної ідентичності особистості в умовах трансформації соціокультурного простору. Показано вплив новітніх інформаційних технологій, що істотно змінили уявлення про ідентичність людини. Розглянуто соціокультурні практики, що формуються під впливом інформаційних технологій. Означено протиріччя соціальних наслідків трансформації культурної ідентичності. З одного боку, інформаційна сучасність дозволяє індивіду конструювати свій індивідуальний світ, з іншого боку, ставить під сумнів збереження існуючих соціальних зв’язків. У висновках зазначається зникнення визначених культурних цінностей та орієнтирів. Наголошується на необхідності появи нових форм самовизначення людини в результаті руйнування звичного способу життя. Ключові слова: ідентичність, трансформація, інформаційні технології, інформаційний простір, соціокультурні практики, культурні цінності

ФОРМУВАННЯ НАВИЧОК ЧИТАННЯ НА ЗАНЯТТЯХ З НІМЕЦЬКОЇ МОВИ

The problem of reading skills formation in the German language classes is outlined in the article. The role of reading in the process of foreign language learning is determined. Short characteristics of the main reading types (detailed reading, diagonal reading, oriented and selective reading) are provided. Task complex for reading skills development is proposed for students who study German/foreign language.У статті розглянуто питання формування навичок читання на заняттях німецької мови, визначено роль читання в процесі вивчення іноземної мови, подано коротку характеристику основних видів читання (детальне читання, читання по діагоналі, зорієнтоване та вибіркове читання). Запропоновано комплекс завдань для розвитку навичок читання в студентів, які вивчають німецьку / іноземну мову

PROBLEMS OF NATIONAL (POLITICAL) IDENTITY IN THE CONTEXT OF IDEOLOGICAL DISCUSSIONS IN THE RUSSIAN POST-OCTOBER EMIGRATION

The author’s interpretation of the content and essence of ideological and political discussions in the Russian post-October emigration in years 1920-1930 about the causes of the revolutionary collapse of Russia, the ways and prospects of the revival of the national Russian statehood has been presented. The connection between the ideological search for Russian emigration and the central for Russian social thought, the problem of understanding the originality of the Russian political process, the features of the formation and evolution of national political identity, has been substantiated. The reasons for the widespread anti-democratic views and beliefs in the emigrant environment, the growing distrust of Western democracy and liberal institutions and values have been revealed. An analysis of the political projects and models of the future revived Russia proposed by Russian emigrants («social Christianity», a renewed monarchy), which affirmed the special path of development of Russia that distinguished its «philistine» West, – has been given. The conclusion about the importance of these projects of the ideal structure of the future of Russia for the modern state development of Russia, the search for its new identity, has been made

Peter the Great’s “heirs”: power and administration in post-Petrine Russia

The article examines the evolution of the power and governance system in the first decade after the death of Peter the Great, one of the most dramatic periods of Russian history, commonly referred to in the historical literature as the “ epoch of palace coups”. The article gives the author’s interpretation of the activities of the Supreme Privy Council to improve public administration during the reign of Catherine I and Peter II. Particular attention is paid to the analysis of events connected with the invitation to the Russian throne by the members of Supreme Privy Council of the niece of Peter the Great, the Duchess of Courland Anna Ioannovna, during whose reign the first attempt in the political history of Russia was made to limit the autocratic power of the monarch. The author examines the reasons for the defeat of the plan of the “supreme leaders”, who proposed to Anna Ioannovna “restrictive points” (“conditions”), formulated by Prince D.M. Golitsyn, to change the form of government in Russia, and draws some important conclusions for understanding the events. According to the author, Anna Ioannovna managed to snatch victory, relying on the support of the middle and lower nobility, primary because in Russia the middle class was always afraid of the weakening of the central government, which, as a rule, led either to anarchy or to the power of the oligarchy

“Cameralism” or “patrimonialism”: at the origins of Peter the Great’s reformation of higher management in Russia

The article presents the author’s interpretation of Petrine reforms of higher management in Russia. The author of the article asks the question, how successful was the attempt made by Peter I to create a rational system of public administration in Russia according to Western models? Among the main features of Peter’s reformation, the author highlights the lack of a clear and well-thought-out plan for the reforms carried out by Peter I, most of which were mainly “experimental” in nature, were carried out hastily and were subordinated to the tasks of the ongoing war with Sweden. Based on the analysis of the transformations carried out at the beginning of the XVIII century in the system of higher administration, the author of the article concludes about the strengthening of the personal principle in public administration during the reign of Peter I, which casts doubt on the widespread opinion about the formation of a rational system of public administration during the reforms carried out by Peter I. According to the author of the article, the use of Weber’s concept of “patrimonialism” (“patrimonial bureaucracy”) as a special type of domination based on the principle of personal loyalty to the patrimonial ruler (monarch) may become more correct in this regard when describing the Peter’s administrative system

At sources of the russian constitutionalism. «Undercover» constitutional projects of the state transformations in Russia in the 18th - the beginning of the 19th centuries

Article is devoted to a problem of development of the constitutional ideas in pre-revolutionary imperial Russia having, according to the author, importance for judgment of features of political development of Russia and the Russian constitutionalism, in particular. The thought that the first projects of the constitutional restriction of the monarchy in Russia have appeared long before development of the known plan of the state transformation of M. M. Speransky and the constitutional projects of Decembrists is proved in article. The author investigates value of the first in political history of Russia of the projects of restriction the monarchy representative institutions which have arisen during «palace revolutions» («events of year 1730», the constitution project of Panin-Fonvizin, the project «The appointed diploma to the Russian people» by the count A. R. Vorontsov, and others). In article the attention is paid that the majority of these projects were created by unofficially narrow group of supporters in the mode of strict privacy is paid and were result of fight in ruling elite for political influence. At the end of 18th - the beginning of the 19th century supporters of the constitutional board were the representatives of the most progressive noble aristocracy suggesting to carry out transition to constitutional monarchy by means of the constitutional reforms, there are more and more popular ideas of cancellation of the serfdom, development of local government and others. The special place in article is allocated to the characteristic of the constitutional project of year 1820 of «The state authorized diploma of the Russian Empire» («The authorized diploma of Novosiltsev») prepared by N. N. Novosiltsev at the request of tsar Alexander I, representing, according to the author of article, the considerable phenomenon in development of the Russian constitutionalism confirming enough high standard of knowledge and the cultures of that time in the field of state law and the state construction

RUSSIAN ETATISM AND RUSSIAN PATERNALISM IN THE POLITICAL PROCESS OF RUSSIA ON THE EVE OF PETER THE GREAT’S REFORMATION

The article сonsiders ideological, political and cultural prerequisites of the Peter the Great state reforms that, according to the author, were formed long before the Peter`s Reformation, and had a significant impact on the course and model of the “regular” (military- police) state created by Peter the First. Among the main prerequisites are the etatization (nationalization) of society and the associated paternalistic nature of state relations, which formed the traditional foundations of national statehood and strengthened in the 17th century in the context of Russia’s withdrawal from the Turmoil and the restoration of the national statehood destroyed in the time of troubles. The paper investigates the reasons for the formation of these features of the development of national statehood, the main of which the author proposes to search in the civilizational and geopolitical features of the formation and evolution of the Russian state, the weakness of the institutional foundations of Russian politics, stylistic peculiarities of Russian Orthodoxy and a number of other factors

«Russian statism» and «Russian nihilism» in russia’s political process of the late XIX - early XX centuries

The article is devoted to the study of traditional foundations of Russian political culture and their influence on formation of national characteristics of political relations, political transit and political process as a whole. The author gives a description of the basic fundamental features of Russian political culture that for a long period of time determined the main vector of social development in Russia, as well as approaches to, and points of view on the nature and reasons for their formation existing in Russian scholarship. The article gives an overall assessment of the factors behind the specifics of state and political development of Russia. Among these are: «anticapitalist» and «antiproprietory» mentality of Russian people, state paternalism, sacralization of power. But the most important factor is the leading role of the state in regulating political and social life of the society (statism). This fundamental peculiarity of the political process in Russia accounts for a specific national «profile» of public policy which delimits the possibility of development in the country of civil society with its attributes and characteristics. The main task of the author is the study of origins, nature and character of the relationship between Russian statism and political radicalism that for a long time were two basic features of the Russian political tradition. The article substantiates the idea that Russian statism, as a traditional basis of Russian political culture, and Russian nihilism were historically and objectively interconnected and interdependent. They complemented each other and formed the Russian authorities’ world outlook accounting for a nihilistic attitude to complex manifestations of real life, a bias for simplified generalizations and schemes, dogmatism in building their ideals characteristic for Russian political and intellectual elite. The author maintains that this, among other things, was the reason for the breakdown of Russia in 1917 that led to the collapse of historical statism

Tris(2,2′-bipyridine-κ2 N,N′)cobalt(III) tris­(oxalato-κ2 O 1,O 2)ferrate(III) mono­hydrate

The title compound, [Co(C10H8N2)3][Fe(C2O4)3]·H2O, con­sists of two discrete tris­(chelate) metal ions (CoIIIN6 and FeIIIO6 chromophores) and a water mol­ecule. The structure is highly symmetrical; the CoIII and FeIII ions occupy positions with site symmetry 3.2. The coordination polyhedra of the metal atoms have a nearly octa­hedral geometry with noticeable trigonal distortions. The Co—N and Fe—O bond lengths are equal by symmetry, viz. 1.981 (2) and 1.998 (4) Å, respectively. The cations and anions are arranged alternately along their threefold rotation axes parallel to [001], forming chains that are packed in a hexa­gonal manner. The water mol­ecules occupy voids between the chains. The crystal under investigation was an inversion twin